FALL 1999
This information effective for Fall 1999.
Check with instructor the first day of class for any changes.
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Classroom: Social Sciences I Room 110 |
MWF 11:00-12:10 |
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Professor Daniel Press |
Office Hours: Tu 12:30-2:30 |
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437 Natural Sciences II |
& by Appointment |
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E-mail: dpress@cats.ucsc.edu |
Extension 9-3263 |
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Teaching Assistants: |
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Alan Balch |
Discussion Sections: |
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436 Natural Sciences II, Ext. 2382 |
01C: M 3:30-4:40 PM 002 Merrill |
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Hours: W 9:30-10:30, F 9:30-10:30 |
01B: F 8:00-9:10 AM 363 Soc Sci II |
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in Room 436 Natural Sciences II |
E-mail: alb@cats.ucsc.edu |
|
Cathy Fogel |
Discussion Sections: |
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479 Natural Sciences II, Ext. TBA |
01A: T 6:00-7:10 PM 363 Soc Sci II |
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Hours: W 1-3 |
01D: W 7:00-8:10 PM 171 Soc Sci II |
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in Room 419 Natural Sciences II |
E-mail: cafogel@cats.ucsc.edu |
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Writing Tutor: Winifred Frick |
E-mail: fredfrik@cats.ucsc.edu |
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Room 441 Natural Sciences II |
459-5288 |
Even 30 years after their public emergence nationally, environmental issues remain high on the public policy agenda. Air quality, water quality, hazardous waste management and toxics accidents all demand the attention of national policymakers. Although an unending progression of federal and state laws have been passed in an attempt to control environmental abuses, their implementation has been spotty and threatens to wreak high economic costs.
This course will provide an overview of the critical environmental issues and policies of the United States in the 1990s. We will explore public policy concepts and instruments, and examine in some detail their application to specific environmental issues. Assigned readings will provide the conceptual basis for discussion and research in the course as we focus on the "hands-on" aspects of program implementation.
An entire quarter could well be devoted to air quality, energy, or toxic waste, thus each topic is covered in an introductory fashion. Rather than devote in-depth study to particular environmental problems, the primary objective of the course is to instill an understanding of the broad scope of environmental issues as fascinating, important and difficult public policy dilemmas, and to pull together both theory and practice.
This class is W - coded, and thus writing intensive. Students will be required to write a policy brief in two parts. Due to time constraints, only part I will be re-submitted in revised form. In addition, there will be an in-class midterm and final exam. Class participation is important to the success of a public policy course of this kind. Therefore, participation on the part of each student -- in discussion section as well as in class -- will be specifically encouraged by the instructor. Overall evaluations will thus address student performance on the policy brief, the final exam, and class participation.
Three texts are required for this course and are available at the campus bookstore. In addition there will be required readings from other articles and books. Multiple copies of these readings will be on reserve at McHenry library. The three texts will also be on reserve at McHenry Library.
1. Norman Vig and Michael Kraft, eds. Environmental Policy in the 1990s Third Edition, Washington, D.C.: CQ Press, 1996.
2. Charles Davis, editor. Western Public Lands and Environmental Politics, Westview Press, 1997.
3. Water Education Foundation. Layperson's Guide to California Water, updated 1995. Sacramento, CA: Water Education Foundation.
October 2: Course Introduction
1. INTRODUCTION
REQUIRED READINGS
October 5: Norman Vig and Michael Kraft, eds.,
Environmental Policy in the 1990s (Washington, D.C.: CQ Press,
1996), pp. 1-30.
October 7: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s, pp. 31-52.
Suggested Readings
°James Lester, ed., Environmental Politics and Policy:
Theories and Evidence (Durham, NC: Duke, 1989), pp. 135-157,
314-330.
°William Ophuls, Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited (San Francisco: Freeman, 1992), pp. 189-216.
2. INSTITUTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY PROCESSES: PART I
REQUIRED READINGS
October 9: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the
1990s, pp. 119-142.
October 12: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s, pp. 168-186.
Suggested Readings
° Giandomenico Majone, Evidence, Argument and Persuasion
in the Policy Process (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press,
1989), pp. 116-144.
° James Lester, ed., Environmental Politics and Policy:
Theories and Evidence , pp. 179-237.
° Roderick Nash, The Rights of Nature: A History of
Environmental Ethics (Madison: Wisconsin, 1989), Whole book.
3. INSTITUTIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY PROCESSES: PART II
REQUIRED READINGS
October 14: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s, pp. 143-167.
October 16: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s, pp. 187-207.
October 19 & 21: Vig & Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s, pp. 53-74.
Suggested Reading
° Christopher Stone, Earth and Other Ethics: The Case for
Moral Pluralism (NY: Harper and Row, 1987), pp. 3-40.
° Rik Scarce, Eco-Warriors: Understanding the Radical
Environmental Movement, Chicago: Noble Press, 1990.
October 23: Robert N. Stavins and Bradley W. Whitehead,
"Dealing with Pollution: Market-Based incentives for Environmental
Protection," Environment, vol. 34, number 7, September
1992.
Suggested Readings
° Herman Daly and John Cobb, For the Common Good:
Redirecting the Economy toward Community, the Environment, and a
Sustainable Future (Boston: Beacon, 1989, pp. 1-21.
° Nash, The Rights of Nature, op.cit., pp. 121-213.
° Paul Downing, Environmental Economics and Policy
Boston, MA: Little, Brown, 1984, chapters 2-3.
° Herman Daly, ed., Economics, Ecology, Ethics: Essays
Toward a Steady-State Economy (NY & SF: Freeman, 1980), pp.
100-120, 194-214, & 324-356.
° William Ophuls, Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited, op. cit., pp. 217-253.
4. AIR QUALITY
REQUIRED READINGS
October 26 & 28: Walter A. Rosenbaum, Environmental
Politics and Policy, 4th Edition. Washington, DC: Congressional
Quarterly Press, 1998, pp. 178-203.
Suggested Readings
° Gary C. Bryner, Blue Skies, Green Politics: The Clean
Air Act of 1990 (Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press,
1993).
° Eric Mann, L.A.'s Lethal Air: New Strategies for
Policy, Organizing, and Action. Los Angeles, CA: Labor/Community
Strategy Center, 1991.
° Matthew Crenson, The Unpolitics of Air Pollution
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins, 1971), pp. 1-34.
° Bruce Ackerman & William Hassler, Clean Coal/Dirty
Air ((New Haven: Yale, 1981), pp. 1-78.
° South Coast Air Quality Management District, Working
Paper No. 1: Marketable Permits Program (May 1991).
° Bruce Yandle, The Political Limits of Environmental
Regulation (New York: Quorum Books, 1989), chapter 4: "The Rise
of the Federal Regulator."
° David Harrison and Albert Nichols, Market-based
Approaches to Reduce the Cost of Clean Air in California's South
Coast
(Prepared by the National Economics Research Associates for the
California Council on Environmental and Economic Balance, CCEEB,
November 1990).
° South Coast Air Quality Management District, Summary of
1989 Air Quality Management Plan , Journal of the Air and Waste
Management Association, vol. 39.
° William Ophuls, Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited, op. cit., pp. 136-144.
5. HAZARDOUS WASTES
REQUIRED READINGS
October 30: Mazmanian & Morell, Beyond
SuperFailure: America's Toxics Policy for the 1990s ,Westview
Press, 1992, Chapters 1 - 2.
November 2: Mazmanian & Morell, Beyond
SuperFailure: America's Toxics Policy for the 1990s, Chapter
4.
Suggested Readings
° Daniel Mazmanian and David Morell, "The Elusive Pursuit of
Toxics Management," The Public Interest, Winter 1988, pp.
81-98.
° James Lester & Ann Bowman, eds., The Politics of
Hazardous Waste Management (Durham, NC: Duke, 1983), pp. 74-176
(case studies in Florida, New York, Texas & California).
° U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment
and Management: Framework for Decision Making (Washington, D.C.:
EPA 600/9-85-002, December 1984), pp. 1-35.
° World Commission on Environment and Development
(Brundtland Commission), Our Common Future (Oxford & NY:
Oxford University Press, 1987), pp. 206-234.
° Lester, Environmental Politics and Policy, op. cit., pp.
261-286 (article by Rushefesky).
° Mazmanian and Morell, Beyond SuperFailure, op.
cit., Chapter 6.
°Sheldon Krimsky & Alonzo Plough, Environmental
Hazards: Communicating Risks as a Social Process (Dover, MA:
Auburn House, 1988, pp. 1-12, 298-307.
°Paul Slovic, "Perception of Risk," Science, vol.
236, April 17, 1987, pp. 280-285.
°Milton Russell and Michael Gruber, "Risk Assessment in
Environmental Policy Making," Science, vol. 236, April 17,
1987, pp. 286-290.
°Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s,
op. cit., pp. 209-234 (article by Andrews).
6. POLLUTION PREVENTION AND RECYCLING
REQUIRED READINGS
November 4: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the
1990s, pp. 255-277.
Michael Porter and Claas van der Linde, "Green and Competitive: Ending the Stalemate," Harvard Business Review, September - October 1995, Vol. 73, No. 5, pp. 120-134.
Suggested Readings
° Harry Freeman et al., "Industrial Pollution Prevention: A
Critical Review," Journal of the Air and Waste Management
Association, vol. 42 number 5, May 1992, pp. 618-656.
° Keoleian, Gregory and Dan Menerey. 1994. "Sustainable
Development by Design: Review of Life Cycle Design and Related
Approaches." Journal of the Air and Waste Management
Association.. Vol. 44, May; 645-68.
° Daniel Press, Toxic Releases from Paper made with
Recovered Wastepaper versus Virgin Wood Fiber: A Research Note.
Environmental Management, Vol. 20, no. 5: 725-730, 1996.
7. WATER QUALITY AND SUPPLY
REQUIRED READINGS
November 9, 11, & 13: Water Education Foundation.
Layperson's Guide to California Water, updated 1995. Sacramento, CA:
Water Education Foundation.
Walter A. Rosenbaum, Environmental Politics and Policy, 4th Edition. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1998, pp. 203-222.
Suggested Readings
° National Geographic Magazine, Special Edition: Water:
The Power, Promise, and Turmoil of North America's Fresh Water.
Washington, DC: National Geographic Society, 1993, especially pp.
38-65.
° Robert W. Adler, Jessica C. Landman, and Diane M. Cameron.
1993. The Clean Water Act: 20 Years Later. Covelo, CA: Island
Press, Ch. 2.
° Marc Reisner, Cadillac Desert: The American West and
its Disappearing Water . NY: Viking, 1986.
° Ronald Robie, "The Delta Decisions: The Quiet Revolution
in California Water Rights," Pacific Law Journal, Vol. 19
(1988), pp. 1111-1142.
° Arthur Littleworth, "The Public Trust vs. the Public
Interest", Pacific Law Journal, Vol. 19 (1988), pp.
1201-1223.
° Debra S. Knopman and Richard A. Smith, "Twenty Years of
the Clean Water Act: Has U.S. Water Quality Improved?,"
Environment, vol. 35, number 1, January/February 1993, pp.
17-20 and 34-41.
° Marcia Steinberg & Michael Schoenleber, "Salinity
Control and the Riparian Right", Pacific Law Journal, Vol. 19
(1988), pp. 1143-1164.
°US vs. State Water Resources Control Board, 182 Cal App. 3d
82; 227 Cal. Rptr. 161 (May 1986) ("Racanelli decision").
° Fred Powledge, Water: The Nature, Uses and Future of
Our Most Precious and Abused Resource (NY: Farrar Strauss Giroux,
1982), pp. 3-95.
° World Commission on Environment and Development, Our
Common Future, op.cit.,pp. 261-274.
° C.B. Yates. Limitations of Sovereign Immunity Under the
Clean Water Act -- Empowering States to Confront Federal Polluters.
Michigan Law Review, 1991 Oct, v90 n1:183-206.
8. FORESTS, BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY, AND MINING
REQUIRED READINGS
November 16: Charles Davis, editor. Western Public
Lands and Environmental Politics, Westview Press, 1997, pp.
1-44.
November 18: Davis, editor. Western Public Lands and Environmental Politics, pp. 47-73.
November 20: Davis, editor. Western Public Lands and Environmental Politics, pp. 172-189.
November 23: Davis, editor. Western Public Lands and Environmental Politics, pp. 95-121 & 193-202.
Suggested Readings
° Christopher McGrory Klyza, "Ideas, Institutions, and
Policy Patterns: Hardrock Mining, Forestry, and Grazing Policy on the
United States Public Lands, 1870-1985," Studies in American
Political Development, Vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 341-374.
° Michael Williams, "The Death and Rebirth of the American
Forest: Clearing and Reversion in the United States, 1900-1980," in
John F. Richards and Richard P. Tucker (eds.), World Deforestation
in the Twentieth Century. Durham, NC: Duke University Press,
1988, pp. 211-229.
° Daniel J. Rohlf. 1994. Six Biological Reasons why the
Endangered Species Act Doesn't Work -- And What to Do About it, in R.
Edward Grumbine, (ed.), Environmental Policy and Biodiversity,
Covelo, CA, Island Press, pp. 181-200.
° Michael O'Connell. 1994. Response to "Six Biological
Reasons why the Endangered Species Act Doesn't Work -- And What to Do
About it", in R. Edward Grumbine, (ed.), Environmental Policy and
Biodiversity, Covelo, CA, Island Press, pp. 200-207.
° Steven Lewis Yaffee. 1994. The Wisdom of the Spotted
Owl: Policy Lessons for a New Century, Covelo, CA: Island Press,
pp. 155-206.
° World Commission on Environment and Development, Our
Common Future, op.cit., pp. 147-167.
° Entire issue of the Northwestern School of Law of Lewis
and Clark College journal, Environmental Law, volume 24,
number 2, 1994.
° Charles Peters et.al., "Valuation of an Amazonian
Rainforest," Nature, Vol. 339, June 29, 1989, pp.
655-656.
° Richard Tobin, The Expendable Future: US Politics and
the Protection of Biological Diversity , Durham, NC: Duke,
1990.
° Charles C. Mann and Mark L. Plummer, "The High Cost of
Biodiversity," Science, vol. 260, June 25, 1993, pp. 1868
-1871.
° Duane A. Smith. 1987. Mining America: The Industry and
the Environment, 1800-1980. Lawrence, KS: University Press of
Kansas.
9. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
REQUIRED READINGS
November 25 & 30: TBA.
Suggested Readings
° Biliana Cicin-Sain and Robert W. Knecht, The Future of US
Ocean Policy. Covelo, CA: Island Press, 1999.
° Biliana Cicin-Sain, "California and Ocean Management:
Problems and Opportunities," Coastal Management, vol. 18,
number 3, 1990, pp. 311-335.
° Biliana Cicin-Sain, "Offshore Oil Development in
California: Challenges to Governments and to the Public Interest,"
Public Affairs Report. Bulletin of the Institute of Governmental
Studies, vol. 27, February-April 1986, no. 1-2, pp. 1-15.
° David R. Godschalk, "Implementing Coastal Zone Management:
1972-1990," Coastal Management, vol. 20, number 2, 1992, pp.
93-116.
10. ENERGY POLICY AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
REQUIRED READINGS
December 2 & 4: Davis, editor. Western Public Lands
and Environmental Politics, pp. 122-149.
Suggested Readings
° Eric Hirst, "Boosting U.S. Energy Efficiency Through
Federal Action," Environment, March 1991, pp. 7-36.
° David Howard Davis. 1993. Energy Politics. 4th ed.
New York : St. Martin's Press, Introduction and Conclusion.
° Jeremy Leggett, ed., Global Warming: The Greenpeace
Report, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990.
° Amory Lovins, Soft Energy Paths: Toward a Durable
Peace (NY; Harper Colophon, 1979), pp. 3-60, 147-170.
° Daniel A. Mazmanian, "California Green: Integrated Energy
Policy" (draft ms., 1991).
° Joseph Morone and Edward Woodhouse, The Demise of
Nuclear Energy? Lessons for the Democratic Control of Technology
(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989).
° World Commission on Environment and Development, Our
Common Future, op.cit., pp. 168-205.
° Nicholas Lenssen, Empowering Development: The New
Energy Equation, Washington, DC: The Worldwatch Institute,
Worldwatch Paper Number 111, November 1992.
11. ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: MOVEMENTS AND POLICY
REQUIRED READINGS
December 7: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the
1990s, pp. 231-254.
Debra J. Salazar with Nicole Oliver. "Environmental Justice and Natural Resource Management in the Pacific Northwest," Northwest Science, Vol. 72, No. 1, 1998.
Suggested Readings
° Barbara Epstein, "Grassroots Environmentalism and
Strategies for Social Change, New Political Science, Summer
1995, No. 32, pp. 1-24.
° R.R. Higgins. "Race and Environmental Equity -- An
Overview of the Environmental Justice Issue in the Policy Process."
Polity, 1993, Winter, V. 26, N2:281-300.
° Christopher Stone, Earth and Other Ethics: The Case for
Moral Pluralism, op. cit., pp. 41-69.
° Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s,
op.cit., pp. 235-250 (article by Mazmanian & Morell).
° Lester & Bowman, The Politics of Hazardous Waste
Management, op.cit., pp. 196-211 (article by Hadden
et.al.).
° David Morell & Christopher Magorian, Siting
Hazardous Waste Facilities: Local Opposition and the Myth of
Preemption, Ballinger, 1982.
° Christopher Stone, Should Trees Have Standing?: Toward
Legal Rights for Natural Objects, (Palo Alto, CA: Tioga
Publishing Company, 1974, 1988), whole book, including the opinions
by the Supreme Court.
° Andrew Szasz, Eco-Populism: Toxic Waste and the
Movement for Environmental Justice, Minneapolis, MN: University
of Minnesota Press, 1994.
OPTIONAL REVISED POLICY BRIEF PART 1 DUE DECEMBER 9
12. GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES
REQUIRED READINGS
December 9: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the
1990s, op.cit., pp. 278-298.
Suggested Readings
° World Commission on Environment and Development, Our
Common Future, op.cit., pp. 1-23, 44-65, 118-146, 206-234,308-347
.
° Stone, Earth and Other Ethics, op. cit., pp.
71-109, pp. 111-199.
° H. Jeffrey Leonard, ed., Divesting Nature's Capital
(Holmes & Meier, 1985), pp. 3-20 (article by Leonard &
Morell).
° Frederick Buttel, Ann Hawkins and Alison Power, "From
Limits to Growth to Global Change", Global Environmental
Change, December 1990, pp., 57-66.
° David Doniger, "Politics of the Ozone Layer," Issues in
Science and Technology, Spring 1988, pp. 86-92.
° Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s,
op.cit., pp. 349-367 (article by Paehlke).
°William Ophuls, Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited, op. cit., pp. 255-278.
° Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the 1990s,
op.cit., pp. 321-364.
13. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, DEMOCRACY, AND REFORM
REQUIRED READINGS
December 11: Vig and Kraft, Environmental Policy in the
1990s, pp. 365-389.
Suggested Readings
° Mazmanian & Morell, Beyond SuperFailure, op.
cit., Chapter 7.
° Daniel Press. 1994. Democratic Dilemmas in the Age of
Ecology: Trees and Toxics in the American West. Durham, NC: Duke
University Press.
° Daniel Press. 1995. "Environmental Regionalism and the
Struggle for California," Society and Natural Resources,
Volume 8, No. 4.
° William Ophuls, Ecology and the Politics of Scarcity
Revisited, op. cit., pp. 281-316.
° Mazmanian & Morell, "EPA: Coping with the New
Political Economic Order", Environmental Law, 1991.
° Stone, Earth and Other Ethics, op.cit., pp.
201-260.
° Morell, "Effective Toxics Management: A Multi-Media
Perspective", in Ben Dysart and Marion Clawson, eds., Public
Interest in the Use of Private Lands (NY: Praeger, 1989), pp.
27-46.
° Mazmanian & Morell, Beyond SuperFailure,
op.cit., Chapter 8.