History

201 Humanities
(831) 459-2982
http://history.ucsc.edu/

Lower-Division Courses

1. Theories of History/Theories of Society.
European social thought understands society to be the product of the historical process. Readings from early-modern natural law thinkers (Hobbes, Lock, Rousseau), 19th-century theorists of the democratic and industrial revolutions (Tocqueville, Marx), and 20th-century social scientists (Weber, Braudel), explore the nature of this fertile connection. (General Education Code(s): IH.) M. Traugott

2A. The World to 1500. F
Surveys the rise of complex societies: the formation of classical civilizations in Afroeurasia and the Americas, post-classical empires and cross-cultural exchange, technology and environmental change, the Mongol Empire, and oceanic voyages and the origins of the modern world. (General Education Code(s): IH.) B. Catlos

2B. The World Since 1500.
Examines major world issues over the past 500 years. Topics include European expansion and colonialism, the Muslim empires, East Asia from Ming to Qing, the Americas, Africa, the scientific-technological revolution, decolonization, and modern environmental problems. Designed primarily for first- and second-year students, it provides a time frame for understanding events within a global framework. (General Education Code(s): IH.) K. Simonton

5A. Early Muslim World.
Surveys the history of the Muslim world from its beginnings through the Caliphal period. Islam is approached as a religious, social, political, and cultural phenomenon. Special emphasis on understanding Islam in the context of contemporary developments in the Near East, Europe, Africa, and Central Asia. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) B. Catlos

5B. Early Christianity: First to Fourth Century A.D.. W
Christianity from its origins as a Jewish messianic movement, its expansion in multiple forms in the Greco-Roman world, to its transformation into the major religion of the Roman and Byzantine empires. (General Education Code(s): IH.) G. Hamel

7. Archives and Public History. S
Through readings on local history topics and bi-weekly field expeditions, students discover different types of archives and historical repositories, the diversity of sources that they contain, and the varied uses to which they can be put. Course also explores the range of career opportunities open to history majors (sometimes loosely grouped together under the rubric "public history"). Students are billed a materials fee. Enrollment restricted to freshmen and sophomores, or by permission of instructor. Enrollment limited to 35. M. Traugott

10A. United States History to 1877.
A survey of the political, social, and cultural history of the U.S. from the founding of the North American colonies to 1877. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): IH.) M. Westerkamp

10B. United States History, 1877 to 1977. F
A survey of the political, social, and cultural history of the U.S. from 1877 to 1977. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): IH.) M. Lasar

11A. Latin America: Colonial Period. W
Introduces the social, cultural, economic, and political history of the New World through a close examination of the process of European "conquest" in the 16th century and its consequences for both native and settler peoples. Medieval and Renaissance European and African backgrounds; Inca, Maya, Aztec, plains, woodland, and tropical rainforest native American societies; processes of military and cultural conquest; epidemics and ecological changes; native resistance and the establishment of the fundamental institutions of colonial society. (General Education Code(s): IH.) M. Diaz

11B. Latin America: National Period.
An introduction to the study of Latin American history from the Independence Wars in the early 19th century to the present. Topics include changing economic models of development, U.S. role, rural and urban life, women, nationalisms, populism, revolution, the military in politics, and the problem of democracy. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) M. O'Hara

13. Introduction to American Religious Culture. S
Introduction to the many communities found within the American religious landscape, balancing extraordinary diversity characterizing American pluralism against the dominant religious culture. Proceeds historically, engaging major problems and developments including utopianism, the rise of evangelicalism, religion and reform, manifest destiny, secularization and modernity, and the intersection of politics and religion. (General Education Code(s): IH.) M. Westerkamp

14. Race and Ethnicity in the U.S.
An introductory course on the racial/ethnic history of the U.S. Of central concern are issues of race, ethnicity, oppression, resistance, mass migrations, city life in urban America, and power and protest in modern America. Priority enrollment to freshmen and sophomores. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) P. Castillo

30. The Making of Modern Africa.
Examines the loss and reassumption of local and state autonomy in Africa during the 19th and 20th centuries. Delineates the modalities of the colonial state and society, modes of resistance to alien occupation, and the deformation of social, class, and gender relations. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) D. Anthony

40A. Early Modern East Asia. F
Surveys the history of East Asia from 1500 to 1894. Covers political, social, economic, and cultural histories of China, Japan, and Korea with the goal of perceiving a regional history that encompassed each society. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) M. Hu, A. Christy

40B. The Making of Modern East Asia.
A broad introductory survey of the political, social, economic, philosophical, and religious heritage of modern China, Japan, and Korea. Emphasis on the historical foundations of modern nationalism, the colonial experience, and revolutionary movements. (Formerly course 40.) (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) A. Christy

41. The Making of the Modern Middle East.
History of the modern Middle East from 1800 to the present, with special reference to the 20th century and forces which have shaped the area. The impact of imperialism, nationalism, and revolution in the area, with particular attention to the history of four countries: Turkey, Iran, Egypt, Israel. (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) E. Burke

42. Student-Directed Seminar. F,W,S
Seminars taught by upper-division students under faculty supervision. (See course 192.) The Staff

43. Traditional India. W
A survey of the early histories of Indus Valley, Vedism, the epics, Buddhism, Jainism, with an exploration among original sources: archaeological, visual, ritual, literary, and epic texts. Thematic focus on communities, social systems, elite and popular cultures, and their mutual interaction. (Formerly Histories of Traditional India) (General Education Code(s): IH, E.) D. Basu

44. Introduction to Cultures of the Ancient
Near East.
Offers an introductory survey of the political, social, economic, and religious heritage of the cultures of the ancient Near East from the dawn of history to the days of Alexander the Great. Discussions include the cultures of Mesopotamia (from the Sumerians to the neo-Babylonians); ancient Egypt and Nubia; Anatolia and Syria (from the Hittites to the Arameans); and Canaan and Israel. (General Education Code(s): IH.) A. Yasur-Landau

45. Japanese Pop Culture.
Introduction to Japanese popular culture from the Tokugawa era to the present. Pursues the role of mass media on Japanese society through analyses of popular movies, animation, comic books, music, and other artifacts in historical context. (General Education Code(s): E.) N. Aso

62A. Classical World: Greece.
An overview of Greek history from the beginnings through the Hellenistic period, with emphasis on the Archaic and Classical periods (ca. 800 B.C. through 323 B.C.). (Formerly course 20A.) (General Education Code(s): IH.) C. Hedrick

62B. Classical World: Rome.
A lecture course offering an overview of Roman history and civilization from the legendary founding of Rome in 753 B.C. to the collapse of the Roman Empire's central administration in the West in 476 A.D. (General Education Code(s): IH.) C. Hedrick

65A. Medieval Europe: 200–1000. F
A survey of Europe from the third through 10th centuries. Emphasizes cultural conflict and assimilation (Roman and Germanic, pagan and Christian, East and West). Topics include the rise of Christianity, Germanic migrations, Byzantium and Islam, feudal society, the cult of saints and relics, Vikings, and gender roles. (General Education Code(s): IH.) C. Polecritti

65B. Europe, 1000–1500. S
Reviews major social, political, economic, and cultural developments in Europe from 1000 to 1500 and themes including gender, warfare, ethnicity and religion, through primary sources and secondary readings. Primary focus is Western Europe: England, France, the Iberian Peninsula, the Holy Roman Empire, the Low Countries, and Italy. (General Education Code(s): IH.) N. Silleras-Fernandez

66. Amazons, Queens, Witches, and Saints: Medieval and Early Modern Women.
Examines women's roles and the perception of women in Medieval and Early Modern Europe—a time when women participated widely in religious, economic, political, and even military spheres. Investigates the foundations of female power and vulnerability through thematic units and case studies. (General Education Code(s): IH.) N. Silleras-Fernandez

70A. Modern European History, 1500–1789. S
A survey of economic, social, and political history of Europe since the late 15th century: 1500-1789. A is not prerequisite to B, nor B to C. (Formerly Modern European History.) (General Education Code(s): IH.) B. Thompson

70B. Modern European History, 1789–1914.
A survey of the economic, social, and political history of Europe from the era of the French Revolution to the outbreak of the first World War: 1789-1914. Course 70A is not prerequisite to 70B, nor 70B to 70C. (General Education Code(s): IH.) J. Beecher

70C. Modern European History: 1914 to Present. W
A survey of the economic, social, and political history of Europe since the outbreak of the first World War: 1914-present. Course 70A is not prerequisite to 70B, nor 70B to 70C. (General Education Code(s): IH.) P. Kenez

74. Introduction to Modern Jewish History. S
Examines major turning points in Jewish history from the 17th century through the 20th: the challenge of modernity, the rise of political anti-Semitism, the migration of European Jews to America, the nearly total destruction of European Jewry in the 20th century, and the origins and development of the conflict between Israel and its Arab neighbors. (General Education Code(s): E.) B. Thompson

74A. American Jewish History. S
American Jewish history from 1654 to the present. Traces social, political, religious, and economic history of Jews from colonial America to the present. Topics include the influence of government, immigration, religion, anti-Semitism, and acculturation on Jewish life in America. (General Education Code(s): E.) A. Yang-Murray, L. Rosenzweig

75. Film and the Holocaust.
Examines a series of distinguished documentary and feature films about the destruction of European Jewry. Each film is placed in its historical context, and wherever possible, the readings include the original documents on which films were based. Emphasis is placed on the strategies the filmmakers used to address the problem of representing genocide with succumbing to mere melodrama. (General Education Code(s): E.) B. Thompson

80H. Class, Gender, and Community in China, 1700–Present.
Examines gender, sexuality, and family across classes in late imperial China, and the transformation of all three by revolution (and vice versa). Concentrates throughout on gender as a category of historical analysis that has remained largely invisible in the construction of conventional Chinese history. (General Education Code(s): T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) G. Hershatter

80K. Spies: History and Culture of Espionage.
Examines the "golden age" of espionage during the early 20th century, the Second World War, and the Cold War, emphasizing not only the origins and development of intelligence agencies but also images of spies in modern popular culture. (General Education Code(s): T4-Humanities and Arts.) B. Thompson

80N. Topics in U.S. Women's History: Women at Work. S
Focusing on women at work, uses women's films and excellent historical writings to examine how work has shaped conditions of womanhood, and how women from distinct backgrounds have encountered, defined, and given meaning to their labor. Engages students in reconceptualizing history while it introduces a century of vivid patterns of change in women's worlds of work. (General Education Code(s): T4-Humanities and Arts.) L. Haas

80W. The Holocaust: The Destruction of European Jewry. S
Focus is on the destruction of the Jews of Europe by Nazi Germany. Issues are historically grounded, and include works of literature, social sciences, philosophy, and film. (Also offered as Literature 80L. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) M. Baumgarten, P. Kenez

80Y. World War II Memories in the U.S. and Japan. S
Examines how the meaning of such issues as war origins, war responsibility, the atomic bomb, reparations, and racism have been subjects of contention in postwar U.S. and Japan. Students explore the relations between history, memory, and contemporary politics. (General Education Code(s): T4-Humanities and Arts, E.) A. Christy

99. Tutorial. F,W,S
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

Upper-Division Courses

100. Historical Skills and Methods.
Designed to train students in the fundamental skills required for advanced historical research. Students read historical theory and learn the basics of historical analysis, research, and disciplinary writing. Recommended to majors but open to all interested students. A. Christy

101A. The Making of the Modern World, 1400–1750.
Focuses on the transformation of many different societies of Asia, Africa, and the Americas from 1400 to 1750 through case histories and the comparative study of European colonial hegemony, labor systems, global economic exchange, missions, and warfare. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Burke

101B. The Making of the Modern World,
1750-1950. W
The history of the world from 1750. Focuses on the liberal project (the industrial and democratic revolutions) and its impact on the world—slavery and abolition, self-strengthening movements, race and class, imperialism, colonialism, and nationalism. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Burke

102A. The Crusades, 1000-1300. F
Examines history of Middle East and Latin Europe from 1000–1300, in particular, Latin Crusade and colonization and Muslim response. Format is chronological; topics such as acculturation, Holy War, and ethnicity examined through lectures and writing. B. Catlos

102C. The Mediterranean in the Modern Era, 1730-1930. W
The cultural transformation of the Mediterranean region in comparative historical perspective from the rise of the Hapsburg and Ottoman empires to modern times. Topics include orientalism, political and economic transformations, social movements, cultural change, gender, colonialism, and imperialism. E. Burke

103. Medieval Spain, 600–1500.
History of the Iberian Peninsula and Northwest Africa from the Visigoths through the reign of the Catholic Monarchs. Political and economic history form the basis, with special attention paid to religious and social history, particularly the interrelation between the peninsula's ethno-confessional groups . Prerequisite(s): one history course; course 65A and/or course 65B recommended. B. Catlos

106A. Vietnam War Memories.
Compares memories and interpretations of war in Southeast Asia by diverse groups in France, America, and Vietnam. Topics include war origins, military strategies, propaganda, combat, civilians, media, activism, MIAs, refugees, mixed race children, memorials, textbooks, films, music, literature, and art. (General Education Code(s): E.) A. Yang-Murray

106B. Asian and Asian American History, 1941-Present. F
Analyzes immigration, race relations, war, gender ideology, family life, acculturation, political activism, interracial marriage, multiracial identity, and cultural representations between 1941 and the present. Emphasis on discussion, writing, research, and group presentations. (General Education Code(s): E.) A. Yang-Murray

108. Social Movements in Historical Perspective.
Readings examine 18th- through 20th-century social movements and related phenomena in Europe/America: examples include Tulipomania; revolutionary action in France; U.S. Civil Rights movement; and the environmental and feminist movements. Lectures focus on social science frameworks used to explore the social base, tactics, success or failure, and inter-relationships of social movements as a distinctive mode of social change.
M. Traugott

109A. Race, Gender, and Power in the Antebellum South. W
Examines how ideologies of race and gender shaped the development of slavery and empire in the American South from European colonization to the eve of the American Civil War. (General Education Code(s): E.) C. Jones

110A. Colonial America, 1500-1750.
Explores the social, economic, cultural, and political development of British North America from the first European/Amerindian contacts in the late 16th century through the establishment of a provincial British colonial society. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B. (Formerly Colonial and Revolutionary America.) Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. M. Westerkamp

110B. Revolutionary America, 1740-1815. S
Explores the political, social, economic, and cultural development of British North America from the first stirrings of resistance to the establishment of the U.S. Course 110A is not a prerequisite to course 110B. (Formerly Colonial and Revolutionary America.) Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. G. O'Malley

110D. The Civil War Era. F
Social, political, and economic history of the American Civil War and Reconstruction, focusing on the war's changing nature and significance, emancipation, and the postwar struggle over the future of the South and the nation. (Formerly The Second American Revolution: The Civil War and Reconstruction.) C. Jones

110E. What Is a Nation? The U.S. from 1877 to 1914.
History of the U.S. during what was perhaps its most socially turbulent era, the period following Reconstruction through the First World War. What did it mean to be a nation in the post-Reconstruction era? How did a country that had only recently unified itself under one system of labor now resolve the question of national identity? Was America truly a nation by 1914? M. Lasar

110F. Crossroads for American Capitalism: The U.S., 1914 to 1945.
Between the First and Second World Wars, American society accepted the need for a regulatory state to save capitalism from itself. Takes an in-depth look at many aspects of U.S. politics and culture during these years. M. Lasar

110G. The U.S. After the Second World War. W
From the Good War to the Cold War, the Sixties to the rise of the New Right, the post-1945 American experience has been one of extremes. This survey course looks for evidence of commonality during those times. M. Lasar

111. Popular Conceptions of Race in U.S. History, 1600-Present. W
Explores how race has been constructed and perceived, examining Americans' use of race to describe themselves and to label others. Particularly concerned with ordinary people and how and why their ideas of race have changed over time. Prerequisite(s): One upper-division history course. (General Education Code(s): E.) G. O'Malley

112. American Feminist Thought, 1750–1950.
Traces history of feminist thought in the United States from the 18th century Enlightenment to the mid-20th century. Focusing on questions of social identity, gender difference, and legal/political status, examines writings of philosophers, activists, novelists, and ordinary women that challenged religious, political, and scientific beliefs underlying gender inequality. M. Westerkamp

113A. Religion in Early America.
Explores major trends and developments in the history of American religion from the founding of the British colonies to the mid-19th century. Examines institutional, social, and theological components within the context of American colonization, revolution, and expansion, both geographic and economic. M. Westerkamp

113B. Modern American Religion.
Explores the growth and transformation of American religious culture from 1870 to the present. While investigating individual church institutions, leaders, and theologies, focuses upon religion as part of the larger, pluralistic American culture. M. Westerkamp

113C. Women and American Religious Culture.
Historical introduction to religious culture of U.S. as experienced and created by women. Explores religious ideas about women, the treatment of women by mainstream institutions and religio-social communities, and female religious leaders and followers. Takes an explicitly feminist analytical approach and uses a variety of "texts," including historical and literary scholarship, sacred texts, fiction, autobiography, material artifacts, visual art, and music. M. Westerkamp

115A. U.S. Labor History to 1919. F
Explores the history of work, working-class people, and the labor movement in the U.S., with attention to race and gender dynamics as well as to the development of workers' organizations. (Formerly U.S. Labor History, Colonial Period to 1919.) Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. J. Illingworth

115B. U.S. Labor History, 1919 to the Present.
Explores the history of work, working-class people, and the labor movement in the U.S. in global perspective with attention to race and gender dynamics and political-economic changes. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. D. Frank

117. Wired Nation: Broadcasting and Telecommunications in the U.S. from the Telegraph to the Internet.
Explores the history of telecommunications systems in the US starting with the telegraph, the telephone, wireless telegraph, radio, television and the Internet. Students learn about the development of these systems and the cultures that they foster. M. Lasar

121A. African American History to 1877. F
A survey of pre-contact Africa, indigenous social structures, class relations, the encounter with Europe, forced migration, seasoning, resistance, Africa's gift to America, slavery and its opponents, industrialization, emigration vs. assimilation, stratification, Convention Movement, Black feminism, Civil War, and Reconstruction. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Anthony

121B. African American History: 1877 to the Present. W
A survey of the period from 1877 to present, highlighting Jim Crow, Militarism, Black feminism, WWI, New Negro, Garveyism, Harlem Renaissance, Black Radicalism, Pan Africanism, Depression, WWII, Desegregation Movement, Black Power, 1960s, Reaganism. Cultural and economic emphases. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Anthony

123A. U.S. Immigration History, 1600-1877. F
Examines immigration and settlement patterns of early British immigrants to colonial North America; the large-scale immigration of the 19th century that brought Irish, Italian, and German immigrants to the urban areas of the eastern U.S; and Chinese and Mexican immigrants who settled in the West and Southwest. K. Simonton

123B. U.S. Immigration History, 1800-1940.
Traces the history of immigration to the United States with emphasis on the 19th and early 20th centuries. Examines the causes and contexts of large-scale immigration; the similarities and differences in immigration and settlement patterns of different immigrant groups; how the process of immigration has been complicated by issues of race, ethnicity, gender, and class; and the ways in which U.S. immigration policy has influenced American's ideas of citizenship and freedom. (Formerly course 123). (General Education Code(s): E.) K. Simonton

125. California History.
Offers a comprehensive view of California history, beginning with a study of native societies, Spanish conquest, and the vast changes wrought by the U.S.-Mexican war and the gold rush. Ecological, social, cultural, and urban change to the present are traced. L. Haas

126. History of the Southwest: Colonial Period to 1920. S
Examines the social organization of Spanish colonial, Mexican, and early American society in the Southwest. Themes include colonization, popular culture, religion, work, gender relationships, and immigration. (General Education Code(s): E.) L. Haas

127. Race and the American City.
History of racial and ethnic minorities in the American city in the 19th and 20th centuries. Examines the experiences of several non-white groups, with analyses of race, class, culture, gender, acculturation, and implications for social policy in the urban environment. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): E.) P. Castillo

128. Chicana/Chicano History.
A survey course on the social history of the Mexican (Chicana/o) community and people in the U.S. through the 20th century. Themes include resistance, migration, labor, urbanization, culture and politics. Satisfies American History and Institutions Requirement. (General Education Code(s): E.) P. Castillo

130. History of Modern Cuba. S
Covers from the Cuban sugar revolution (late 18th century) to the socialist revolution and its aftermath (1959–present). It is intended to be not only a modern history of Cuba but also a broader history of Latin America through the case of Cuba. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

131. Women in Colonial Latin America.
Introduction to the social history of Latin America through a focus on the inflections of class and ethnicity on gender in this region. First six weeks focuses on the colonial period. The last three weeks covers the 19th and 20th centuries. (Formerly Women in Latin America.) (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

132. History of the Caribbean: Colonial Period.
A study of the Caribbean from the conquest to the abolition of slavery in the 19th century. Focus on the Greater Antilles, particularly the Spanish Caribbean. Emphasis on economic and social issues such as colonialism and the role of sugar production, slavery, and race/ethnicity in these multicultural societies. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Diaz

134B. History of Mexico, 1850 to Present. S
Social, cultural, economic, and political history from the triumph of Liberalism to the present day, focusing on four key periods: the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz (1900-1910), the armed phase of the Revolution (1910-1920), the consolidation of revolutionary programs and a "single-party democracy" (1920-1940), and the developmentalist counter-revolution since 1940. Provides background for understanding the Mexican diaspora to the U.S. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. O'Hara

137A. Africa to 1800.
Introduction to history of Africa. Topics include states and "stateless" societies, culture, society and economy in the pre-modern era, stratification, oral traditions, long distance trade, the coming of Islam, and the evolution of the South Atlantic system and its social, political, and other consequences. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Anthony

137B. Africa from 1800 to the Present.
How Africa lost its continental, regional, and local autonomy in the era of European imperialism. The components of European hegemony, Christian proselytization, comparative colonial strategies and structures, nationalism, decolonization and independence and the disengagement from neo-colonial patterns and the colonial legacy. Case studies from northern and subsaharan Africa. Some background knowledge of Africa helpful. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Anthony

137C. African Cinema. S
Historical study of modern African cinematography from the emergence of film as a tool of social control in the imperial and colonial periods to its theoretical and practical transformation by African cineastes in the post-independence era. Films and videos from northern, eastern, western, central/equatorial, and southern Africa viewed. Prerequisite(s): course 30 or 137A or 137B, or by permision of instructor. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Anthony

140B. History of Qing China, 1644-1911. F
Introduces students to how Qing China arose, expanded, and struggled to enter the modern world. Focuses on what the Qing empire had in common with other agrarian empires across Eurasia, commercialization and communication networks, elite mobility and peasant revolts, political legitimacy of the alien rule, maintaining social order (such as merchants' control and gender segregation), massive population growth and internal migration, as well as its conflicts with the industrial West. M. Hu

140C. Revolutionary China 1895-1960. W
Explores history of China from the late 19th century to the early years of the People's Republic, focusing on the end of imperial rule, the sources and development of revolution, and early attempts at at socialist transformation. (General Education Code(s): E.) G. Hershatter

140D. Recent Chinese History.
Explores history of China from establishment of the People's Republic of China to the present, focusing on competing strategies of socialist transformation, urban/rural relations, and the effects of the post-Mao economic reforms. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Honig

141A. Classical Chinese Culture and Literature, 10th Century B.C.E. through 6th
Century C.E. *
Survey of writing and culture from the 10th century B.C.E. through the sixth century C.E., focusing on poetry, philosophical and historical writing, supernatural fiction, Buddhist/Taoist texts in contexts of fragmentation, empire building, dynastic collapse, rebellion, eremitism, and courtly society. Satisfies the Pre- and Early Modern and World Literature concentrations; also satisfies the Global, Poetry, and Pre- and Early Modern distribution requirements. (Also offered as World Lit & Cultural Studies 135. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): E.) C. Connery

141B. Classical Chinese Culture and Literature, 6th Century through 16th Century. *
Survey of writing and culture from the Tang through early Ming dynasties (6th century C.E. through 16th century C.E.). Themes include literary, religious, and philosophical innovation; courtly life; cultural contacts with non-Chinese people; and transformations of state and society. Satisfies the Pre- and Early Modern and World Literature concentrations; also satisfies the Global, Poetry, and Pre- and Early Modern distribution requirements. (Also offered as World Lit & Cultural Studies 136. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): E.) C. Connery

142. World History of Science.
Searches for a common ground in which historians and scientists can communicate with each other from a global perspective, first situating the modern world in a long span of human history to reveal our time as a distinct stage of global development. Science and technology, the focus of this course, play a crucial role in the formation of the modern world. M. Hu

145. Gender, Colonialism, and Third-World Feminisms. W
Introduces the history of feminism in the third world, focusing on the ways in which colonialism (and post-colonialism) has shaped gender relations and on the feminist movements that have emerged in response to the impact of colonialism. (General Education Code(s): E.) E. Honig

147A. History of Premodern India.
A study of religions (Vaisnavism, Tantrism, Islam, Sikhism), art, literature, and social movements in their historical contexts from 1000 A.D. to 1800. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Basu

147B. Political and Social History of Modern South Asia. S
Social, political, and religious movements in the colonial and postcolonial contexts of the 19th and 20th centuries in modern and contemporary South Asia. (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Basu

148. Cinema and History: Film Author Satyajit Ray. *
Satyajit Ray is widely acclaimed as a master of world cinema. Course considers his work to examine "authorship" at multiple levels: the cultural, historical, social, and familial contexts and the relationship of his film to fiction, the politics and poetics of his vision, and its relationship to colonial, nationalist, and postcolonial India. Also studies the question of gender and the underclass. (Also offered as Film and Digital Media 162A. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) (General Education Code(s): E.) D. Basu

150A. Ancient Japan.
Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from prehistorical migrations through the 15th century. Emphases include examination of social structures, political formations, cultural production, and religion. N. Aso

150B. Tokugawa Japan. S
Surveys the history of the peoples of the Japanese islands from the middle of the 15th century to the middle of the 19th century. Focus is on the era of civil war, the formation of the early modern federated state, social structure, and cultural production. A. Christy

150C. Modern Japan.
Surveys the history of the peoples of the modern Japanese nation from the Meiji Restoration to the present. Focuses on the formation of the modern state, empire, social movements, and cultural production. (General Education Code(s): E.) A. Christy

155. History of Modern Israel.
The conflict between Israelis and Palestinians is one of the most intractable disputes in our troubled world. Course begins with a glimpse of Palestine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, surveys the rise and fall of utopian Zionism, pays especially close attention to the events of 1948 and 1967, and concludes by analyzing the collapse of hopes for peace after Oslo and Camp David meetings. (General Education Code(s): E.) B. Thompson

156. Introduction to the Archeology of Israel. W
Offers an archaeological survey that combines material culture from excavations with literary evidence from the Neolithic revolution through the formation of urban life in the 3rd millennium B.C.E. to the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem (586 B.C.E.). A. Yasur-Landau

157. Archaeology of Gender in the Bronze Age Aegean and Near East.
New studies on the archaeology of the Aegean Bronze Age palatial cultures, the Minoan and the Mycenaean, now allow us to reconstruct the ways aspects of gender were negotiated by both elites and commoners. Course investigates how ancient perceptions of gender were manifested in various situations, such as warfare, religious activities, feasts, production, and commerce. Course 44, 156, or 194J is strongly suggested as preparation. A. Yasur-Landau

158B. African Archaeology: Development of Complex Societies. W
Introduces the evolution of African kingdoms and states from the emergence of farming communities to initial contact with Europe. Particular attention paid to the origins of social inequality and the evolution of centralized polities. Students cannot receive credit for this course and Anthropology 275B. (Also offered as Anthropology 175B. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): Anthropology 3; Anthropology 175A strong recommended. The Staff

158C. African Diaspora. *
Introduces the African diaspora from an archaeological perspective. Focuses on examining the cultural, social, economic, and political lives of Africans and their descendants in the New World and West Africa from the 15th through 19th centuries. Students cannot receive credit for this course and Anthropology 275C. Will be offered in the 2009–2010 academic year. (Also offered as Anthropology 175C. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): Anthropology 3; Anthropology 175A and 175B strongly recommended. The Staff

159. Historical Archaeology: A Global Prespective. S
Introduces archaeology of European colonialism and the early-modern world. Topics include historical archaeological methods; the nature of European colonial expansion in New and Old Worlds; culture contact and change; and power and resistance in colonial societies. Students cannot receive credit for this course and Anthropology 278. (Also offered as Anthropology 178. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): Anthropology 3 or consent of instructor. The Staff

160A. Athenian Democracy.
Athenian democracy from foundation to the fourth century B.C., with emphasis on its practices and ideologies. Readings from ancient sources and modern theory. Topics to include foundations and development; Athenian concepts of freedom, equality, law, citizenship. Lectures and discussion. C. Hedrick

161B. Topics in Roman History.
Detailed consideration of some specific topic or period in Roman history, varying from year to year. Examples include Roman religion, Augustus and the Roman Empire, Julio-Claudian emperors and the principate, Roman slavery, and Christianity and Rome. Enrollment restricted to history and classical studies majors or permission of instructor. May be repeated for credit. C. Hedrick

163A. A History of Sin.
Ancient and modern conceptions of sin, and remedies offered for it. Course is not a theology of sin and redemption, but an invitation to reflect on ways sin and fault have been imagined and formulated. (Formerly course 163.) G. Hamel

163B. Genesis: A History. F
Introduction to historical, textual, source, and redaction criticism of the book of Genesis and to exegesis as science and ideology. Texts, history, and iconography of neighboring traditions (Mesopotamian, Ugaritic, Egyptian, Greek) are also studied when appropriate. Course 44, Literature 80A, or some basis in Hebrew or Greek is strongly suggested. G. Hamel

164A. Late-Medieval Italy, c. 1200-1400. W
Italy from the birth of the commune to the early Renaissance in Florence. Topics include urban life and social conflict, gender roles, St. Francis, the Black Death, female mystics, Dante, Boccaccio, humanism, artistic developments from Giotto through Donatello. Requires viewing several films outside of class. C. Polecritti

164B. Renaissance Italy, c. 1400-1600. S
Italy from the Florentine Renaissance through the Reformation. Topics include social change and political consolidation, the rise of the papacy, court life, witch hunting, Machiavelli, artistic developments from Donatello through late Venetian Renaissance. Requires viewing several films outside of class. Course 164A recommended as preparation. C. Polecritti

167. Imperial Spain 1469-1716. F
Examines the history of Spain from the time of the Catholic monarchs to the 18th century, focusing on Ferdinand and Isabel; the Inquisition; the conquest and colonization of America; the rise and fall of the Spanish Empire; the Catholic Reformation and Enlightenment; and internal transformations of the Spanish economy and society. N. Silleras-Fernandez

168. Rise of the Dutch Republic.
Focuses on the origin of the Republic in the revolt against Spanish overlordship, and its political, social, and economic development in the 16th and 17th centuries. B. Sharp

170A. French History: Old Regime and Revolution. F
French history from the Middle Ages through the Revolution. Focus on the rise and fall of "absolute" monarchy, the nature of Old Regime society, the causes and significance of the French Revolution. Attention to those who endured as well as to those who made events. J. Beecher

170B. French History: The 19th Century. W
Social, political, and cultural history of France from the Revolution to WWI. Focuses on the Revolutionary tradition, the Napoleonic myth, the transformation of Paris, and the integration of the peasantry into the national community. Readings include novels by Stendhal and Balzac. J. Beecher

171. Revolutions in France.
Examines the political/social upheaval in 1789, 1830, and 1848 in light of the sweeping changes brought to 19th-century France by those other great "revolutions" of the age, the democratic and the industrial. Students' written work focuses on the comparative analysis of revolution. (Formerly Revolution in France.) Offered in alternate academic years. M. Traugott

172A. German History. F
The development of German civilization, including philosophy and literature as well as politics and diplomacy in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. M. Cioc

172B. German Film, 1919–1945. F
Introduction to German films from 1919 to 1945. Through combination of movies and documentaries, gain insight into political, economic, social, and cultural conditions of Weimar and Nazi Germany. M. Cioc

175A. Medieval Russia.
Medieval Russia. P. Kenez

175B. Russian History.
Imperial Russia. P. Kenez

175C. Russian History. F
Twentieth-century Russia. P. Kenez

175D. History of Soviet Film.
Does not stress questions of aesthetics or technical aspects of film making, but the changing ideology inherent in Soviet films. The goal of examining cinema is to enrich our understanding of Soviet history. Readings include works of famous directors and theorists—Eisenstein, Vertov, Pudovkin, and Kuleshov—in addition to secondary works by Denise Youngblood, Richard Taylor, Josephine Woll, and Anna Lawton. P. Kenez

178A. European Intellectual History: The Enlightenment.
Study of European thought and literature from Hobbes and Swift to Rousseau and Goethe. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to traditions of religious conflict and criticism rising from the Protestant Reformation and to the intellectual and cultural roots of the French Revolution. (Formerly European Intellectual History.) J. Beecher

178B. European Intellectual History: The 19th Century.
Study of European thought and literature from Blake to Nietzsche. Focuses on relation of ideas to their social and cultural context. Special attention to the rise and fall of the Romantic movement, to changing conceptions of history, and to the development of socialist and aesthetic critiques of industrial civilization. (Formerly European Intellectual History.) J. Beecher

178C. European Intellectual History, 1870-1970.
Drawing on experiments in autobiography, the arts, and social theory, this course focuses on ideas and images of modernity in European culture. It also highlights the role of the intellectual as politically engaged or disillusioned witness in a violent century. Offered in alternate academic years. B. Thompson

178D. Russian Intellectual History. S
Focus on the emergence in 19th-century Russia of a westernized intelligentsia; its effort both to assimilate western ideas and to define the destinies of Russia; the shaping of the Russian revolutionary movement. Readings in Dostoyevsky, Turgenev, Herzen, and representative Russian Slavophils, Populists, and Nihilists. J. Beecher

178E. Modern Jewish Intellectual History. W
Surveys European Jewish intellectual history from the Enlightenment to the present. Major themes include emancipation and assimilation, the flowering of Yiddish literature, the rise of Zionism, new variations on the messianic idea, and Jewish contributions to the culture of urban modernism. Offered in alternate academic years. B. Thompson

180A. English History. F
Emphasis on the interaction between social, economic, religious, and political developments. An attempt to place these phenomena in the context of the wider European and world scene. The period from 1485 to 1689. B. Sharp

180B. English History. W
Considers how Britain became the pacemaker of modernity in the 18th and 19th centuries; how national, regional, class, and gender identities formed and altered; and how Britain coped with loss of global power in the 20th century. B. Thompson

183A. Nineteenth-Century Italy.
Italian politics, culture, and society from the Napoleonic era through early leftist movements. Central emphasis on the Risorgimento and Unification. Other topics include: north-south conflict; banditry; urban change; growth of tourism; popular religion; family structures and gender; visual arts and opera. C. Polecritti

183B. Fascism and Resistance in Italy.
Examines Italian politics, society, and culture from Unification to World War II, especially the Fascist regime. Interdisciplinary focus emphasizing history, literature, and film. (Formerly course 183.) C. Polecritti

185A. Conflict of Interest: War, Holocaust, and Industry in the Lodz Ghetto. S
Examines how Nazi war machine exploited Jewish slave labor in the Lodz ghetto industrial complex while a state apparatus systematically exterminated the workers. Includes a visit from a survivor of ghetto factories and graphics from ghetto workshops. Prerequisite(s): one upper-division history course. Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Thaler

185B. Rethinking the Holocaust: Bioscience, Race Theory, and Genocide.
Traces the Nazi "Superstate" project from its origins at the conjunction of bioscientific theory and racialist ideology to its conclusion in the Holocaust, providing a historical perspective for social and political dilemmas raised by contemporary biomedical advances. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Thaler

185D. Jewish Social Movements. W
Jewish social movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries, in Europe (Eastern and Western) and the U.S.: the confrontation between Hasidism and Haskahah, tensions between socialism and Zionism, between religiosity and secularism, the mutual influences among these tendencies. (Also offered as History of Consciousness 118. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): E.) B. Epstein

185E. The Historiography of the Holocaust. W
Offers a comprehensive historiography of the Holocaust, distinct from the narrowly focused perspectives generally presented in Holocaust studies, to familiarize students with the origins, evolution, and major developments in the Nazi genocide and its historical consequences. Enrollment restricted to juniors and seniors. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Thaler

190. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars.
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

190A. Slavery and Race in Latin America. S
Covers comparative history of slavery in Latin America with questions of race in the colonial and national periods and key moments and debates in the historiography of slavery and its relation to ideologies of the past and the nations. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Diaz

190B. Race and the Nation in Latin America.
Focuses on the ways in which nation and race have been thought about in Latin America throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. These concepts were closely intertwined, albeit in differing and changing ways, since the wars of independence from Spain and Portugal (1810-1825). Compares the ways in which "black," "Indian," and "racially mixed" ("mulatto" or "mestizo") have been socially constructed, ideologized, and contended in different countries, including Brazil, the Spanish-speaking Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and Argentina. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Diaz

190C. Race, Class, and Gender in California History.
The study of the social history of racial minorities and women in the historical development of California society. Emphasis on racial, class, and sexual conflict within the context of the history of California since 1848. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. Offered in alternate academic years. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) P. Castillo

190D. Tale of Two Cities. *
A comparative study of the social, economic, cultural, political, and geographical development of Los Angeles and Mexico City in the 20th century. Emphasis on the diverse peoples, changing physical environment and various images/interpretations of these two world cities. (Also offered as Latin American&Latino Studies 194P. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and Latin American and Latino studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) P. Castillo

190E. Topics in Chicana/o History.
A seminar on the history of Chicanos/Mexicans in the United States, 1848 to the present. Topics include Chicana/o labor, family, social, urban, cultural, and political history. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) P. Castillo

190F. Research Seminar in the Americas. F
Students learn how to conduct research and write history. Primary and secondary sources are extensively read. Research sources include a rich array of government documents, newspapers, memories and diaries, visual material and film. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190H. Myths and Models in (and of) American History.
We make a close reading of current and innovative work in U.S. history. We study how historians construct stories based upon models of the society, culture, and state, embracing certain political and moral ends which are plotted like other stories. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190I. California and the Borderlands.
Complete original research in California and borderlands history in this senior research seminar. Focus on selected problems and themes. Assignments and discussions help students frame their research and edit their writing. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) L. Haas

190K. Wired Planet: Readings on the Global History of Broadcasting and Telecommunications.
Locates common themes in the history of broadcasting and telecommunications throughout the world. Why do certain strategies for developing broadcasting and telecommunications systems succeed or fail? Why do some nations outstrip other nations of comparable development in the growth of their communications systems? Why do national or regional communication systems suddenly become more or less open—or more or less centralized? Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190L. Personal Politics in the New South.
Examines the tensions between movements for political reform and reaction in the southern United States between Reconstruction and World War II. Students develop a research paper grounded in primary research that addresses these questions. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) C. Jones

190N. Topics in African History.
Examines contemporary crises in Africa: the new South Africa, refugees, HIV/AIDS, children of war, blood or conflict diamonds, civil war, and genocide in Rwanda. Seminar format where students will be prepared to undertake studies on specific subjects and two rounds of 15–20 page papers. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) D. Anthony

190O. African American Historiography. S
Major themes in contemporary African American historiography on a topical basis. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) D. Anthony

190P. Early American Society and Culture.
Explores subjects and themes in the political, social, and cultural history of early U.S. history from the colonial period through 1850. Includes critical reading of current scholarship and research in primary texts. The focus of this course is the production of a 25-page research paper. Recommended for senior history majors. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Westerkamp

190R. Research in the History of American Religions. W
Readings and research in the history of religions in the United States. Readings focus on topics including the rise of evangelicalism; gender and religion; class, race, and religious diversity; and modernity. Students produce papers that culminate in a 25-page research project. Prerequisite(s): Satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements and two upper division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) M. Westerkamp

190S. Women and Social Movements in the U.S.
Examines history of women and social movements in the U.S., such as abolitionism, antilynching, Chinese and Jewish garment workers, Chicana farm labor activism, the American Indian Movement, the Ku Klux Klan, and the Civil Rights movement. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) D. Frank

190T. Latin America in the Cold War. W
Writing-intensive seminar on Latin America during the Cold War. Particular attention given to U.S.-Latin American relations, including moments of covert or direct interventions. Students pursue advanced research using primary and secondary sources. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. O'Hara

190U. Power and Culture in the U.S. F
Students read historical monographs that explore, from a variety of race, class, and gender perspectives, how U.S. culture and thought have changed over time. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190V. The Corporation and Its Critics.
Studies transformation of the U.S. corporation from limited tool in hands of state government to the central organizational unit of capitalism and crucial focus of American politics. Readings include influential histories of the corporation from Republic's early years through 1970s. Students debate impact of the corporation from Marxist, free market, anti-colonialist, and feminist perspectives. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190W. Who Controls Broadcasting?.
Focuses on the social and political construction of major telecommunications and broadcasting systems in the U.S. including wireless, telephone, radio, television, and the Internet. Emphasis on reading and analyzing prominent scholarly and popular works on this subject. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Lasar

190X. History of the Atlantic World, 1492-1824. W
Explores the transatlantic societies created by Europeans' colonization of the Americas, and their exploitation of African salves. Questions whether the cultural, economic, and political links across the ocean integrated the adjacent lands into a fundamentally "Atlantic World." Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and two upper-division history courses. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) G. O'Malley

192. Directed Student Teaching.
Teaching of a lower-division seminar under faculty supervision. (See course 42.) Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. The Staff

193. Field Study.
To allow promising, well-qualified undergraduates to pursue directed programs of archival or archaeological study in the field under supervision of the UCSC history faculty, concentrating their work within a single given quarter. Students may take two or three courses concurrently. Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

194. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars.
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

194A. Gender, Class, and Sex in Shanghai. W
Focusing on Shanghai, course examines issues of gender, class, and sex in modern urban Chinese history. Given Shanghai's history as a treaty port, particular attention paid to ways in which its semi-colonial status inflected the articulation of gender identities, class formations and issues of sexuality (particularly sexual labor). Also looks at Shanghai during the Maoist period and in the context of more contemporary economic reforms. (Also offered as Feminist Studies 194N. Students cannot receive credit for both courses.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; and course 140C, or 140D, or 140E, or Feminist Studies 80C, or permission of instructor. Restricted to junior and senior feminist studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) E. Honig

194B. Okinawan History.
Examines the history of Okinawa with particular attention paid to the modern era. The goal is to give students a solid foundation in the historiography of major themes in the study of Okinawan society. (Formerly course 196X.) Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, or classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194E. Women in Japanese History.
Examines through both primary and secondary sources such issues as work, sexuality, education, class, and ethnicity in relation to constructions of female gender in Japanese society over the past several centuries, particularly focusing on the modern era. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) N. Aso

194G. China Since the Cultural Revolution: Histories of the Present.
Explores the rapid and often destabilizing shifts that have taken place in China since the late 1970s (the "reform era"), tracing the effects of China's earlier experiment with revolutionary socialism on the market-driven present. Examines how various meanings of reform are negotiated; changes in rural and urban environments; and class, gender, and ethnic differences. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) G. Hershatter

194H. Gender, Family, and State in China: 1600-Present.
Explores gender, family, and state power in China from 1600 to present, examining gendered norms, education, political movements, revolutionary practice, sexuality and sex work, and state interventions in contemporary families. Responses to reading and a research paper required. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) G. Hershatter

194J. Canaanite Society, Art, and Religion. S
Examines aspects of Canaanite culture from its formation in the Middle Bronze Age, through its heyday in the shadow of the Egyptian empire, to its demise with the collapse of the Bronze Age world. An interdisciplinary approach combines texts (such as the El Amarna letters), iconography, and material culture from palace, cultic, and domestic contexts, allowing us to investigate aspects of rulership, social structure, religion, and economy. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; and two upper-division history courses, or by permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) A. Yasur-Landau

194K. History and Archaeology of the Philistines. S
Examines aspects of the Philistine migrant society from its formation during the Mycenaean post-palatial era, through the sea and land routes of migration to the final settlement in the southern coast of Canaan. Prerequisite(s): Satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Compostion requirements, and course 156 or course 194J, and one upper-division history course, or by permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior History or Anthropology Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) A. Yasur-Landau

194M. Literati, Samurai, and Yangban: Comparative History of State and Elite in East Asia, 1600-1900. W
Critically examines the formation of political elites in East Asia. Compares literati in Ming and Qing, China; samurai in Tokugawa, Japan; and yangban in Joeson, Korea. Each group occupied specific roles and functions in their state and society but differed in scale and character. Students cannot receive credit for this course and course 294M. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Hu

194N. Comparative Studies in Modern Asian History. F
Seminar on cultural and social changes in Asia, mainly in the 19th and 20th centuries. Topics include colonial encounters, cities, narratives of ordinary persons, nationalism and identity, visual cultures, and Orientalism. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) D. Basu

194R. Cairo: The City Victorious, 1750-2000. S
The modernization of a world city from 1750 to the present. Cairo's social and cultural history (literature, film, music) against the background of its changing political and economic contexts. Topics include: orientalism, nationalism, imperialism, minorities, women, migration, urbanism, popular culture, tourism. Prerequisite(s): Two upper-division history courses; and course 41 or 101A or 101B; and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) E. Burke

194S. Comparative Studies in World History.
Explores a broad topic in world history (varies from year to year) such as settler colonial nationalism, mission, involuntary labor, pre-political resistance, or defensive modernization in comparative historical perspective. (Formerly course 196W.) Enrollment limited to 20. May be repeated for credit. (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

194U. The Cold War and East Asia.
Considers through primary and secondary sources the events and aftermath of the Cold War in East Asia in terms of state formation, domestic and foreign policy, and protest movements in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan with reference to Vietnam. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) N. Aso

194Y. Memories of WWII in the U.S. and Japan. S
Research seminar comparing U.S. and Japanese memories of World War II. Topics include war origins, total war, the atomic bomb, war responsibility, reparations, memorials, museums, and monuments. Primary work devoted to research in original texts and documents. Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor; satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; course 80Y recommended. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) A. Yang-Murray

195A. Thesis Research.
Prerequisite(s): petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration). The Staff

195B. Thesis Writing.
Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements; petition on file with sponsoring agency (students should have completed two upper-division courses, preferably in their area of concentration). (General Education Code(s): W.) The Staff

196. Advanced Research and Reading Seminars.
An opportunity for advanced students to focus on specific research problems resulting in a substantial research paper of 25 pages, or discussion of assigned readings resulting in a series of short papers totaling 25 pages. Courses must be taken in area of concentration in order to count towards the major.

196A. Is British History Possible?
An examination of the possibilities and problems of producing a history that is genuinely British: one that pays due attention to the histories of the four modern peoples or nations of the British archipelago. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) B. Sharp

196C. Modern Italian Culture.
Developments in Italian culture and society from the postwar to the present. Topics include north-south divisions, family and gender, cinema and modernity, urbanization, mafia, and terrorism. Prerequisite(s): course 164A or 164B or 183, or permission of instructor and one upper-division history course; and satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing Requirement. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Polecritti

196E. Modern Irish History.
Aims to illuminate major themes and turning points of modern Irish history: the causes and consequences of the famine; the development of Irish nationalism; revolution, civil war, and partition; and the recent economic boom. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) B. Thompson

196G. Modern Germany and Europe. S
A senior reading and research seminar that explores the major historiographic debates in German history during the 19th and 20th centuries. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and German studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Cioc

196I. The French Revolution.
Students conduct original research on the French Revolution of 1789 based on mix of primary and secondary courses. Classroom discussions focus on interpreting contemporary documents and addressing historiographical issues. Seminar format with significant written requirements. Presumes familiarity with the period. Prerequisite(s): course 70B or 170A or 171. Students who have taken course 70B must also have taken one upper-division history course. Enrollment restricted to history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Traugott

196J. Autobiography and History.
Students prepare research papers using a combination of sources, both primary (the autobiographies, diaries, or memoirs of historically relevant figures) and secondary (chronologically and thematically appropriate works of synthesis that help contextualize the lives of their subjects). Seminar format with significant written requirements. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing requirement; Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) M. Traugott

196K. Studies in European Intellectual History. W
Topics in European intellectual history from the French Revolution to World War I. Readings exemplifying approaches from history of ideas and intellectual biography to recent studies of rhetoric and political culture. Preparation and presentation of research paper. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) J. Beecher

196N. Eastern European Jewish Social History. F
Study of 19th- and 20th-century Eastern European and Russian Jewish social history. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and German studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W, E.) P. Kenez

196O. Russian Revolution, 1917-1932.
Study of the major political, social, and intellectual conflicts and transformations of the period. Topics include February and October revolutions, Civil War, NEP, rise of Stalinism, and collectivization. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) P. Kenez

196P. Hitler and Stalin.
A discussion of 20th-century totalitarianism. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history and German studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) P. Kenez

196Q. Private Lives, Family Histories, and the Holocaust Experience.
Holocaust historiography has surveyed the broad landscape of genocide or focused narrowly on individual experience. Course examines the middle ground of family and its role in resistance during the destruction of communal existence and survival in the aftermath. Prerequisite(s): two upper-division history courses or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history, German studies, and classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): E.) M. Thaler

196R. Social World of Roman Palestine. S
Inquiry into the structures of Roman Palestine on the basis of parables from the synoptic Gospels, the Dead Sea Scrolls, Josephus, inscriptions, and archaeological discoveries. Physical, social, economic, and ideological conditions are researched in an ethnographic fashion. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses. Eenrollment restricted to junior and senior history and classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) G. Hamel

196S. Special Topics in Ancient History.
Seminar focuses on different topics in ancient history. In addition to assigned readings, the student is expected to do additional research that culminates in a 20-page paper on a topic of the student's choice. General topics for the course will vary from year to year. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors and classical studies majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Hedrick

196T. Topics in Medieval and Early Modern History.
Examines medieval and early modern history in Western Europe through analysis of primary and secondary sources and review of historiographical styles and techniques. Topics addressed vary, but may include gender, politics, economics, society, ethnicity, slavery, religion, and others. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, and course 103 or 164A or 164B or 167, and one upper-division history course. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) N. Silleras-Fernández

196U. Topics in Medieval History. W
Addresses contemporary and modern interpretations of the events relation to medieval history. Through critical discussion and debate, assesses the value and limitations of various historical sources, as well as developing skills in reserach, presentation-making, and writing. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, course 102A or 103, and one upper-division history course, or by permission. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. May be repeated for credit. (General Education Code(s): W.) B. Catlos

196W. Women and Power from 1100 to 1600. W
Analyzes female power and authority in the Late Middle Ages and the Early Modern era, focusing principally on Western Europe but including comparisons to Mediterranean areas. Examines social status, gender roles, and women's strategies for self-determination. Prerequisite(s): satisfaction of the Entry Level Writing and Composition requirements, two upper-division history courses, or permission of instructor. Enrollment restricted to junior and senior history majors. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) N. Silleras-Fernández

196Y. Saints and Holiness in Medieval Europe. S
Examines popular religious belief and practice, including conversion, the cult of the saints, relics, pilgrimage, miracles and visions. Emphasis on Medieval Europe, but some attention also paid to modern patterns of devotion. Prerequisite(s): courses 65A, or 164A, or 164B. Students who have taken course 65A must also have taken one upper-division history course. Enrollment limited to 20. (General Education Code(s): W.) C. Polecritti

198. Independent Field Study.
Student's supervision is conducted by a regularly appointed officer of instruction by means other than the usual supervision in person (e.g., by correspondence) or student is doing all or most of the course work off campus. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

199. Tutorial.
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

199F. Tutorial (2 credits).
Students submit petition to sponsoring agency. May be repeated for credit. The Staff

Graduate Courses

200. Methods and Theories of History. F
An overview of theories, methods, and philosophies concerning the nature and production of history. Topics vary with instructor. Enrollment restricted to graduate history students and others by permission of instructor. Enrollment limited to 20. M. Traugott

201. Directed Research Colloquium. W
Having already prepared a bibliography and research prospectus in a graduate research seminar, students will undertake further research on their projects, write a 25–30 page research paper, and present their work to their fellow students. Prerequisite(s): history graduate research seminar. Enrollment restricted to graduate history students. Enrollment limited to 15. A. Yang-Murray

204A. History of Gender Research Seminar. S
Introduction to theories and methods employed in gendered historical research. Readings are drawn from a range of chronological, national, and thematic fields and explore the intersection of gender analysis with such historical problems as the body and sexuality, modernity, national identity, and production/consumption. Enrollment restricted to graduate history majors. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Westerkamp

204B. Society and Culture Research Seminar.
A graduate course introducing students to research using primary historical materials to explore topics in society and cultural history from 1500 to the present. Enrollment restricted to graduate students. Enrollment limited to 15. J. Beecher

204C. Colonialism, Nationalism and Race Research Seminar.
Research seminar introducing theories and methods of the comparative histories of race, ethnicity, colonialism, and nationalism. Enrollment restricted to graduate history students. Enrollment limited to 15. M. O'Hara

210A. Readings in U.S. History.
Introduction to major themes and controversies in the interpretation of U.S. history. Readings cover both chronological eras and topical subjects, often in a comparative context: colonial and early national periods. Enrollment restricted to graduate history majors. Enrollment limited to 15. M. Westerkamp

210B. Readings in U.S. History. </